The Stoxx 600 fell 0.4% to 238.95, extending this week's retreat to 2.2%.
The measure has soared 51% since March 9 as the Group of 20 nations committed about $12 trillion to revive growth and the Federal Reserve kept overnight borrowing costs near zero to unlock credit markets.
The rally has pushed the Stoxx 600's valuation to the highest level since June 2003.
GERMANY
German stocks dropped as US durable goods orders and home sales fell short of estimates, tempering a higher-than-forecast reading on consumer confidence in the world's biggest economy.
Declines were led by MAN SE, Deutsche Lufthansa AG and Thyssenkrupp AG. Solarworld AG fell after WestLB AG cut its recommendations on the shares.
Beiersdorf AG, the German maker of Nivea skin creams, and Henkel AG led advancing shares after Deutsche Bank AG recommended clients buy the stocks.
The benchmark DAX Index slipped 23.80, or 0.4%, to 5,581.41 in Frankfurt, after earlier dropping as much as 0.8% and gaining as much as 0.3%. The gauge has dropped 2.2% this week. The broader HDAX Index slid 0.5% today.
The rally since March left the DAX valued at about 48.7 times its companies' reported earnings as of Sept. 18, the highest level since December 2003, according to weekly data compiled by Bloomberg.
The government of Chancellor Angela Merkel will seek a second term in office in national elections on Sept. 27.
ThyssenKrupp retreated 74 cents, or 3.1%, to 23.16 Euros. Deutsche Lufthansa, Europe's second-largest airline, slipped 3% to 11.81 Euros. MAN SE, Europe's third- largest truckmaker, slipped 3.9% to 57.26 Euros.
Linde AG, the world's second-biggest maker of industrial gasses, slid 1.36 Euros, or 1.8%, to 72.57 Euros. Chemical company shares are in danger of erasing some of their recent gains as the industry struggles to pull out of a slump, according to a report by Cazenove.
Beiersdorf rose 2.2% to 39.23 Euros. Henkel AG, the maker of Persil detergent, advanced 1.9% to 28.51 Euros as the brokerage lifted its recommendations on both stocks to "buy" from "hold."
Solarworld AG, Germany's third-largest solar company, was cut to "neutral" from "buy" at WestLB AG. The stock fell 2.4% to 16.02 Euros.
German consumer confidence rose to a 16-month high as the economic recovery boosted households' income expectations and willingness to spend.
GfK AG's sentiment index for October, based on a survey of about 2,000 people, increased to 4.3 from a revised 3.8 in September, the Nuremberg-based market-research company said in a statement today. That's the highest reading since June 2008.
Merck KGaA advanced 77 cents, or 1.1%, to 68.19 Euros. The German drug and chemicals maker was raised to "neutral" from "underweight" at JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Wacker Chemie advanced 3.92 Euros, or 3.9%, to 104.89 Euros, reversing yesterday's drop. The maker of materials used in microchips was raised to "overweight" from "equal weight" at Morgan Stanley.
FRANCE
France's CAC 40 Index slipped 19.22, or 0.5%, to 3,739.14 in Paris, for a 2.3% weekly decline. The SBF 120 Index lost 0.5% today.
Stocks erased earlier gains after US durable goods orders unexpectedly declined in August. Orders dropped 2.4%, the worst performance since January, the Commerce Department said today in Washington.
Alstom, the world's biggest trainmaker, tumbled 2.2% to 50.47 Euros. STMicroelectronics NV, Europe's largest chipmaker, retreated 3.1% to 6.30 Euros.
Club Mediterranee jumped 1.39 Euros, or 9.5%, to 16.04 Euros, its highest level since November. French designer Christian Audigier could partner with Bernard Tapie to bid for Club Mediterranee, French monthly magazine L'Expansion reported.
Delfingen Industry advanced 34 cents, or 3.6%, to 9.78 Euros, its highest level in a month. The automotive cable maker will get 3 million Euros from a fund set up by Renault, PSA Peugeot Citroen and the French state.
Groupe Flo climbed 10 cents, or 2.8%, to 3.70 Euros, rebounding from three days of losses. The restaurant chain and catering outlet operator said it raised 20.2 million Euros ($30 million) selling new shares in order to reduce debt.
Imerys slid 54 cents, or 1.4%, to 38.92 Euros, dropping for a third day. UBS AG cut its recommendation on shares of the processor of minerals to "neutral" from "buy."
Nicox gained 17 cents, or 1.8%, to 9.77 Euros after two days of losses. The company filed a new drug application for naproxcinod with the US Food and Drug Administration.
Securidev sank 1.51 Euros, or 7.7%, to 18, declining for a second day. The maker of conventional and electronic locks predicted a 15% decline in full- year revenue after recording a 460,000-Euro net loss for the first half. That compares with profit of 5.41 million Euros a year earlier.
Vallourec slid 3.85 Euros, or 3.2%, to 116.40, falling for a second day. The stock was cut to "neutral" from "buy" at Bank of America.
BELGIUM
In Brussels the Bel 20 closed out the week at 2,462.44, a Friday dip of 0.34%.
ArcelorMittal, the world's largest steelmaker is restarting production lines at its plant in Liege, Belgium, to meet rising orders.
Fortis, the insurer that sold all banking units in October to avert a collapse plans to make an offer for all the outstanding debt issued under its Euro Medium Term Note program. Fortis Finance NV plans to buy back the notes at face value plus accrued interest.
Separately, the insurer holds an investor day and plans to give an update on its strategy.
Fortis will resume paying a dividend, push for partnerships in Europe and Asia and close or divest fringe activities, the Belgian insurer has determined a year after its carve-up.
Fortis, which needs to find a new name by May 2011, said on Friday it would pay a regular cash dividend of between 40 and 50% of the net profit of its insurance activities. That was 228 million Euros ($335.8 million) in the first half.
The financial services group, pared down to a pure insurer after a state-led break-up, said all businesses had to show they could reach a critical size, contribute to earnings and generate returns exceeding cost of equity -- currently 11%.
Chief Executive Bart De Smet told a conference call that Fortis would focus predominantly on Europe and Asia, which represent 70% of the world's life insurance market and 53% of the non-life.
'We will use our recognised expertise and partnership skills to grow further in a number of markets in these two key areas,' he said. 'Fortis does not exclude selective acquisitions.'
Belgium's market regulator CBFA said on Tuesday it would extend its ban on short selling of financial stocks at Euronext Brussels for an indefinite period.
The rules were introduced a year ago and state that anyone who sells shares in financial institutions must be in possession of these shares or have borrowed them.
The rules would no longer apply to Dutch group ING, which is listed in the Netherlands but also operates in Belgium, the regulator said.
Dexia, KBC and Fortis are financial institutions listed on Euronext Brussels.
The ban was initially introduced for three months last September after regulators around the world curbed short-selling of financial shares.
It has now been extended for a fourth time.
Shares of Belgium conglomerate Solvay climbed higher in European trading Thursday on reports that US partner Abbott Laboratories offered at least $6 billion for the company's drug division.
The Wall Street Journal reported late Wednesday that Abbott made an offer between $5.9 billion and $7.4 billion for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, citing people familiar with the deal. Belgium drugmaker UCB is also considering a bid, according to the Journal.
A bidding war between Abbott and other drugmakers could help Solvay reap a higher price for its drug business, which was put up for sale in April.
Abbott already holds US marketing rights for Solvay's Trilipix and TriCor, drugs which raise "good" HDL cholesterol while reducing triglycerides and "bad" LDL cholesterol.
A company spokesman declined to comment on the reported offer, but said Abbott has laid out a strategy for growth based on small to mid-size acquisitions.
Shares in Mobistar, Belgium's second-biggest mobile phone operator, traded up as much as 6.9% early on Friday, after majority owner France Telecom's (FTE.PA) CFO said consolidation would make sense in Belgium.
Chief Financial Officer Gervais Pellissier told Reuters in an interview late on Thursday that Switzerland, Belgium, and Portugal were countries where partnerships or deals would make sense, to alleviate intense competition.
THE NETHERLANDS
Amsterdam's AEX finished Friday's session at 305.63, a decline of almost 1%, down 0.94% for the day.
Unilever, the maker of Dove soap, agreed to buy Sara Lee Corp.'s personal-care and European detergent unit for 1.28 billion Euros ($1.88 billion), gaining Sanex shower gel in its biggest purchase in nine years.
Unilever, based in London and Rotterdam, will pay cash for the business, which makes Duschdas and Radox soap and had sales of more than 750 million Euros for the year ending June 2009, according to a statement today. Sara Lee, which has been shedding units to focus on coffee and food, said the proceeds would help it buy back up to $1 billion in stock.
The purchase is the largest by Chief Executive Officer Paul Polman since he took the reins at Unilever at the start of the year. He focused the company on winning back cash-strapped shoppers and boosting sales volumes by cutting prices, and was rewarded as the company unexpectedly posted volume growth in western Europe in the second quarter.
The deal is Unilever's biggest acquisition since buying SlimFast Foods Co. and Ben & Jerry's Homemade Inc. for a combined $2.6 billion in April 2000. Unilever's brands besides food include Vaseline and Axe deodorants.
"This transaction builds on our portfolio in Western Europe and also in Asia," Polman said in the statement. "The Sara Lee brands enjoy strong consumer recognition, offer significant growth potential and are an excellent fit with Unilever's existing business."
Unilever's offer price values Sara Lee's body-care operations, which also include Zwitsal baby shampoo and Zendium toothpaste, at 1.7 times annual revenue. In 2006, L'Oreal SA bought Body Shop International Plc for 1.5 times its sales.
The transaction needs regulatory approval and the companies will consult with European employee works councils, Unilever said today.
To entice cash-strapped European consumers, Polman has also increased ad spending, boosted promotions and accelerated new product introductions since he took over as CEO.
Unilever is taking "quicker actions where we're feeling that our brands are out-positioned or at a disadvantage, where we're losing share," Polman said in May. He said he's fighting an "inherited assumption that the company will not grow."
A downward revision in second-quarter growth, a deeper decline in business confidence and a further dip in consumer spending all pointed on Thursday to more pain in months to come for the struggling Dutch economy.
Even though the government recently improved its forecasts for growth and unemployment in 2010, Thursday's data made clear it would be a long road to that recovery.
Statistics Netherlands says second-quarter GDP declined 1.1% from the first quarter and 5.4% from a year earlier. Those figures were worse than the initially reported 0.9% sequential decline and 5.1% annual decline it reported a month previously.
Total consumer spending in July fell 2.1%, better than the revised 2.9% decline in June. However, spending on food, beverage and tobacco declined sharply month-over-month, even as all other categories improved.
September business confidence was -9.8 points, worse than the -9.3 points in August. Order books fell in all areas except semi-finished goods.
The only slight bright spot was manufacturing output, which rose 0.4% in July after an upwardly revised decline of 0.2% in June.
That is broadly in line with the general improvement in the NEVI Purchasing Managers Index, which showed industry growth in August after 14 months of contraction. Manufacturers have said they are seeing 'robust' growth in new orders and an accompanying rise in output.
On Sept. 15 the Dutch government published its 2010 budget and macroeconomic forecasts, projecting a flat economy in 2010 with unemployment of 8%.
In June it had forecast GDP contraction of 0.5% with unemployment of 9.5%.
ING will sell its 51% stake in a wealth management joint venture to partner Australia and New Zealand Banking Group (ANZ) for 1.1 billion Euros ($1.6 billion) as the Dutch group slims down through asset sales.
ING Groep NV, which received 10 billion Euros ($14.7 billion) in state aid last October and a 22 billion Euro government asset guarantee in January, is offloading assets to raise 6-8 billion Euros as part of a global restructuring plan announced in April.
The deal announced on Friday is separate from the pending sale of ING's Asian and Swiss private banking assets, which sources have told Reuters is not likely until next month. That sale is expected to fetch slightly more than the ANZ deal..
ING said it would book a net profit of 300 million Euros on the deal, which will also free up 900 million Euros of capital.
AUSTRIA
The ATX in Vienna ended a volatile week on 2,536.81, down 0.45%.
Austria's economy will be hurt badly by the global economic crisis in 2009 and contract moderately in 2010, according to the latest country-assessment by the International Monetary Fund, published Monday.
Austria's economy is expected to contract by 4% in 2009, and 0.3% in 2010, the IMF said in its latest consultation for Austria.
"Following several years of strong growth performance, Austria's economy is now experiencing the full impact of the global financial crisis and the decline in world trade," the IMF said, adding that while a recovery is expected to start in 2010, "the outlook is uncertain".
The IMF's outlook is gloomier than the latest available from Austria's main forecaster, the Austrian Institute of Economic Research, or Wifo. In June, Wifo forecast Austria's 2009 GDP to contract by 3.4%, and a moderate growth of 0.5% for 2010.
IMF's outlook was unchanged from its preliminary country consultation report published June 31.
The IMF also stressed Monday the need for Austria's government to start focusing on spending cuts to tame the country's debt, which has been boosted significantly by fiscal stimulus packages in the past year.
Austria's budget for 2009 and 2010 include fiscal stimulus measures amounting to 1.5% of GDP in 2009 and an additional 0.4% of GDP for 2010. The IMF estimates this will bring Austria's budget deficit to 4.2% of GDP by the end of 2009, and 5.6% at the end of 2010. Austria's 2008 budget deficit was of 0.5% of GDP.
Excluding consolidation measures, deficits are projected to remain above 3% of GDP throughout the forecast horizon, the IMF said.
The fund praised the Austrian government for the "sizeable and timely fiscal stimulus measures," but also cautioned that "the stimulus in combination with large automatic stabilizers and financial sector support will result in a sharp rise in public debt."
General government debt is seen to come to 70.2% of GDP for 2009, 75.5% for 2010, and above 80% by 2012, IMF said.
It encouraged "authorities to work towards an early agreement on plans for fiscal consolidation, so that implementation can start when the economy recovers."
Austrian property developer Immoeast swung to a first-quarter net profit thanks to solid assets and revenues from its newly-acquired Immoaustria unit, the group said on Thursday.
Immoeast, which had been hit by the collapse in Eastern European property prices, said net profit in the three months to July was 110.2 million Euros ($162 million) after a net loss of 52.6 million Euros a year ago.
Net asset value was 7.25 Euros per share by end-July, up from 7.09 Euros at end-April.
Immoeast, which specialises mainly in emerging Europe property markets, said it wants to be profitable this fiscal year and believes it will reach the goal.
"The aim is a positive result, which we will be able to show," Chief Executive Eduard Zehetner told a news conference.
The company said earlier on Thursday that first-quarter results had especially benefited from Immoaustria, a unit which mainly owns Austrian properties and which Immoeast took over from its parent Immofinanz in March.
Immoeast, of which Immofinanz owns a majority stake, bought the Immoaustria unit in a 1.5 billion Euro asset transfer announced in March, which helped ease worries about the parent company's troubled finances.
"But even excluding Immoaustria the result is still positive," Zehetner said. This was because of drastic cost savings.
Shares rose sharply in early in the session but later pared gains to trade flat at 4.02 Euros by 1155 GMT.
Both companies were on the brink of collapse in the last business year because of a severe liquidity squeeze.
The two groups, set up by closely held Constantia Privatbank, were hit last year not only by the collapse in property prices, but also because of dealings between themselves and Constantia that are being probed by state prosecutors.
The group has been in talks with Constantia's former owner over claims Immoeast holds against them that are related to those dealings. But the talks had still not make enough progress to settle the issue by the end of September, Zehetner said.
SWITZERLAND
The SMI in Zurich ended trading Friday at 6,236.91, a decline of 0.61% for the session.
Julius Baer Group Ltd., the new Swiss private bank being created by splitting its namesake parent, said Friday it plans to expand its business through acquisitions.
The private banking market is experiencing increasing mergers & acquisitions activity as many banks are looking to dispose of non-core assets to free up capital and replenish their balance sheets, Chief Executive Boris Collardi said in a summary of a presentation to investors.
Julius Baer with its strong and liquid balance sheet is in a good position to make deals, and is considering takeovers in Switzerland and abroad, Collardi added.
The establishment of a pure-play private bank comes at a time when the prospects for offshore banking - the management of funds for clients who reside in a different country than the bank - are shrinking due to regulatory pressures.
Julius Baer is better positioned than its many privately-held rivals to do business in an environment where Swiss private banks have to offer more than secrecy to attract clients, analysts say.
The bank has built a big presence in Asia, where economic growth is leading to the emergence of a new class of super-rich individuals who are seeking banking advice to manage their wealth. It also set up branches in Germany and Italy to be closer to clients, and to retain those who decide to move their wealth back to the countries they live in.
The Zurich-based bank also wants to hire more client advisors to fuel growth. It is considering hiring up to 50 new bankers a year. On June 30, it had 636 client advisors.
Collardi didn't say if Julius Baer was still considering buying ING Groep NV's (ING) private banking assets. A person familiar with the situation said earlier this week that the Swiss bank is no longer after ING's private banking assets in Asia, but is still in the running for its European assets.
Among its new targets, the private bank aims to attract 4% to 6% in net new money each year - a goal that was deemed modest by analysts. Bigger Swiss rival Credit Suisse (CS) said earlier this week that it wants to attract 6% in new funds from clients each year.
On June 30, assets under management amounted to 142 billion Swiss francs ($138 billion), while total client assets were CHF210 billion. It reported a pro forma net profit of CHF246 million.
Julius Baer Holding had disclosed its plan to separate the private banking and asset management businesses into two independent companies in May. The two companies will be individually listed on the Swiss stock exchange, starting Oct. 1.
The private bank will have a Tier 1 ratio - a measure of balance sheet strength - of 19%, once $300 million in proceeds from the recent initial public offering of US fund manager Artio Global Investors (ART) is recorded. That is above the bank's 12% target, but Baer wants to keep the excess for the time being - saying it doesn't plan share buybacks - to be able to finance acquisitions if opportunities arise.
Julius Baer shares fell on disappointment about the private bank's modest targets.
Switzerland on Thursday edged closer to escaping a "grey list" of countries not meeting international taxation standards.
In a demonstration of the effectiveness of measures to prize open "tax havens", Switzerland has said it would soon reach the 12 revised double taxation agreements required to escape the list.
Since March, when Bern decided to accept transparency standards established by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Switzerland has embarked on a diplomatic race to renegotiate its treaties in record time.
A list that included France and the UK this week gained the US, which is leading efforts to improve Switzerland's transparency. Hans-Rudolf Merz, Switzerland's finance minister, said this week that a 12th tax treaty should be signed "in the next few days". That would mean Switzerland would join those countries that have "substantially implemented" the internationally agreed standard, the OECD said on Thursday.
The Swiss government's change of tack involved dropping an arcane, but crucial, distinction between tax fraud and tax evasion. In its traditional double taxation agreements, Bern had offered to help foreign tax authorities track down tax fraud - a criminal offence in Switzerland - but withheld assistance in cases of tax evasion, which is a civil offence under Swiss law.
The distinction was ill-understood abroad and often seen as a smokescreen to protect the rigorous bank secrecy that has made Switzerland the favoured place for private offshore assets.
The Swiss government was forced to adjust after rising international pressure for greater transparency from the G20.
Alistair Darling, the UK chancellor of the exchequer, called for the G20 to draw up a "blacklist" of countries whose regulatory systems pose a risk to the world's financial system.
"Just as we have been tackling tax havens, we also need to go after those countries that offer regulatory havens where mainstream regulators here and in America and in Europe can't get the information they need," Mr Darling said on Thursday.
SWEDEN
The OMX in Stockholm rounded off a hit/miss week at 899.87, a drop of 0.22% for the day.
Swedish clothing retailer Hennes & Mauritz reported a 4% rise in its fiscal third-quarter profit on Thursday, but sales figures fell short of expectations, particularly over the last month.
The company said third-quarter ending Aug. 31 profit rose to 3.4 billion Swedish Kroner ($504 million), from 3.3 billion Kroner a year ago.
Revenue for the period rose 13% to 23.5 billion Kronor, short of the 24.21 billion Kronor expected from analysts polled by Dow Jones Newswires. In local currencies, the increase was 3%.
In August, sales fell 3% from a year earlier in local currencies, while comparable-store sales fell by 11%, versus expectations of a 3.8% fall in total sales and 6.1% fall in comparable sales.
The company gave no outlook, but said it was increasing its expansion target for the full year from 225 to approximately 240 stores. The group opened 116 stores and closed 14 during the first nine months of the year. It also plans to launch online sales in the US in the autumn 2010.
H&M has 1,800 stores across 34 markets, with its biggest market in Germany, and its second-leading market is the US
Europe has been enduring tough economic times, with its biggest economy, Germany, no exception and recovery there still viewed as fragile. The US, as well, has endured a rough economic period. See special report on German elections
"Weak sales were mainly due to continued recession with restrained consumption, tough price competition and unusually warm weather in many parts of Europe in the end of the quarter. During the recession the customers have become more attracted to markdowns," the company said.
Swedish telecom operator TeliaSonera said Tuesday Estonia's government has accepted its cash offer for the shares in Estonian operator Eesti Telekom.
The government accepted the deal after the parties agreed for Eesti Telekom to pay an extra dividend for 2008 and set up a dividend policy for the coming three years, TeliaSonera said.
"We welcome the government's decision to accept the offer and are satisfied with the agreement we have reached," said TeliaSonera's Chief Financial Officer Per-Arne Blomquist.
Earlier Tuesday, Eesti Telekom proposed an extra dividend of 964 million Estonian krooni ($91 million) and a dividend policy for 2009-2011, TeliaSonera said.
TeliaSonera, which on Sept. 21 owned 61% of the shares in Eesti Telekom is offering EEK93 per share in the company, it said, adding that the acceptance period will end on Oct. 9.
The Stockholm-based company on Aug. 24 said it would make a cash offer worth around $468 million for the shares it did not already own in Eesti Telekom. It also announced an offer worth around $221 million for outstanding shares in Baltic operator TEO LT.
Sweden's economy will recover from the impact of the global financial crisis starting from next year, according to a draft Autumn budget plan released on Monday.
Sweden's gross domestic product (GDP) is expected to score a 0.6-percent growth in 2010, 0.2% higher than the forecast in Spring this year.
The country's GDP is expected to increase by 3.1% in 2011 and 3.8% in 2012 respectively, said a statement of the Ministry of Finance.
The budget contains new measures to tackle the recession following the financial crisis. A total of 32 billion Kronor (about 4.4 billion US Dollars) will be used for stimulus efforts for 2010 and a further 24 billion Kronor (3.3 billion Dollars) for2011.
The Swedish economy, highly dependent on exports, has been severely hampered by the global economic downturn. It is estimated that Sweden's GDP will fall by 5.2% during 2009, the sharpest drop since the World War II, said the statement.
The government projects jobless rate to rise to 11.4% next year and to 11.6% in 2011.
DENMARK
Copenhagen's OMX brought the week to a close at 330.23, up 0.41%.
Denmark's central bank lowered the benchmark interest rate by 0.1 percentage point to a record low, reducing the difference between Danish and Euro area rates to counter the krone's strengthening against the Euro.
Nationalbanken, which uses monetary policy to keep the krone pegged to the Euro, cut the lending rate to 1.25%, narrowing the spread to the European Central Bank's benchmark to 0.25 point, the Copenhagen-based bank said in a statement on its Web site. The bank doesn't hold scheduled meetings.
The central bank boosted currency reserves by 118 billion Kroner ($23.4 billion) in the first eight months, compared with 11.6 billion Kroner in currency sales in the same period last year, after the worst of the global credit crisis eased and pressure on the krone abated. A stronger krone has allowed the bank to lower rates from an eight-year high in October, helping the domestic economy toward recovery from its worst recession in six decades.
Currency reserves rose in August by 37.6 billion Kroner to 374.1 billion Kroner. The bank will report reserves for September on Oct. 2. Since the bank's last rate cut on Aug. 27, the krone has strengthened from 7.4441 to the Euro to as strong as 7.4401 Friday to the Euro.
Scandinavia's smallest economy is struggling to emerge from its worst recession in six decades. The central bank cut its outlook for the economy on Sept. 17 and urged the government to rein in fiscal easing to avoid putting pressure on public finances.
The bank's only mandate is to support a peg to the Euro in a 2.25% band. The bank was forced to raise the key lending rate to 5.5% last October after investors turned their backs on smaller markets, threatening the peg.
Carlsberg took a beating on Thursday after its shares fell by 3.9%, following proposals to triple excise tax on beer by 2012 in Russia - the brewer's key market.
Last February, the Copenhagen-based firm, which brews Tuborg and Holsten beers, posted a 52.0% rise in 2008 operating profit before special items, boosted by the acquisition in 2008 of about nine-tenths of OAO Baltika Breweries Holdings, Russia's largest brewer. Thanks to its business in Russia, where Carlsberg has a 38.0% share of the market, the company has been outperforming the market every quarter.
But analysts fear the potential increase in excise tax could hurt Carlsberg's future profits. Late-Wednesday, the Russian government approved a 2010 budget, which includes a plan to triple the excise duty on beer from the current 3 rubles (1 cent). The changes are expected to bring an extra 65.1 billion rubles ($2.2 billion) of revenues into government coffers in 2010.
Carlsberg said it is still waiting for information on the final proposal to be sent to Russia's parliament, the Duma. But there is still room to maneuver. Carlsberg Chief Executive Jorgen Buhl Rasmussen told Forbes last month he was campaigning hard in Russia to bring the increases down as much as possible.
FINLAND
The OMX in Helsinki ended Friday's session at 6,405.56, down 0.26% for the day.
Capital supports in Finland's banking sector are strong enough to cushion it against crisis even if the economy turns clearly weaker than forecast in 2010-2011, the Finnish Financial Supervisory Authority said.
"According to stress tests, the capital adequacy of banks and insurance companies would be sufficient even in case of a very severe recession over the (next) two ... years," the financial watchdog said in a report published on Friday.
It said in stress tests, financial sector firms had assessed their own economic development based on a scenario set by the watchdog and the Bank of Finland.
The scenario forecast Finnish gross domestic product to shrink 7.2% this year and 3.3% in 2010, showing only slight growth in 2011.
The Bank of Finland, due to update its forecasts next week, has estimated 2009 GDP will contract by 5% this year and 1.1% in 2010, with growth in 2011 seen at 1.5%.
Think-tank ETLA raised on Wednesday its forecast for Finland's economic growth next year, but said exports would only appreciably pick up in 2011.
The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy (ETLA) said in its latest forecast it now saw Finland's gross domestic product (GDP) rising 1.5% in 2010, up from a forecast of zero growth given in March.
It trimmed its forecast for economic contraction this year to minus seven% from a previous -6.5%. ETLA's forecast for 2009 is more pessimistic than its peers, while its 2010 forecast is roughly on par with the average expectation.
'We don't believe in a speedy recovery (after the third quarter) because the reduction in investments will continue long into next year and the increase in unemployment will further weaken domestic consumption possibilities,' ETLA said.
'Export demand will, however, pick up a little and push the economy to slight growth by the end of (2009),' it said.
It said the export-driven Nordic country would only see growth of 5.5% in exports next year after an expected plunge of 25% this year.
'Exports will make a solid rise only in 2011, but even then the export volumes will remain significantly smaller than in 2008,' ETLA said.
NORWAY
The OBX in Oslo closed at 289.03, gains of 0.74% for the session Friday.
Norway's central bank held its main interest rate at 1.25% as expected on Wednesday but said it had considered raising rates in a new signal of looming policy tightening as the economy recovers.
The Crown surged to a 11-month high against the Euro, bolstered by prospects of rate increases as early as next month and by finance ministry comments about Norway's economic outlook being brighter now than a few months ago.
Norway suffered only a mild recession amid the global downturn and risks are shifting to potential overheating down the road as the economy regains steam -- pushing Norges Bank closer towards an exit strategy from record low rates.
'The Executive Board considered the alternative of increasing the key policy rate at Friday's meeting,' Deputy Governor Jan Qvigstad said in a statement.
Norges Bank said the Crown's appreciation would, 'in conjunction with continued low imported inflation, contribute to keeping inflation below target in the year ahead'.
It said there was risk of continued low growth in the global economy 'for a fairly long period ahead' but that Norway's economy had fared well through the financial crisis.
'It appears that unemployment will be considerably lower than expected,' it said.
The Crown hit an 11-month high versus the Euro at 8.5300 from 8.5940 before the rate announcement, on the prospects of rate increases coming sooner rather than later.
After the central bank's announcement, Finance Minister Kristin Halvorsen said the outlook for the Norwegian economy was better than a few months ago.
'The international financial crisis and the global economic downturn has hit the Norwegian economy less than most other countries, and the outlook for Norway's economy is brighter than for just a few months ago,' Halvorsen said in a statement.
DnB NOR surged 9.9% to 70.4 kroner, the biggest advance on the Stoxx 600.
The bank will become the last major Nordic lender to raise capital since the credit crisis began last year. The sale of stock to existing shareholders, supported by the bank's largest owners and underwritten by a group of lenders, will increase DnB NOR's Tier 1 capital ratio to 11.3%, the bank said.
Shares in Norwegian oil producer DNO International were up 9.1% early on Friday after Kurdistan's Foreign Minister said he believed the company would resume its operations in the Kurdish region.
DNO shares plunged as much as 55% on Thursday on fears the Kurdish Regional Government (KRG) may make permanent its temporary suspension of DNO activities in northern Iraq.
Iraqi Kurdistan Foreign Minister Falah Bakir told reporters in Washington D.C. late on Thursday that he did not believe that DNO's license suspension was permanent.
"When this issue is sorted out between the Oslo Stock Exchange and DNO, I am confident they will resume," he said, adding that Kurdistan has been supportive of DNO.
SPAIN
Madrid's Ibex 35 finished Friday at 11,643.80, down 0.45% on the day.
The number of workers in Spain's black economy is growing fast as the recession destroys legal jobs, a business official said on Tuesday, while the government admitted concern about the resulting loss of tax revenue.
The number of laborers paid under the table has almost tripled in the past five years and the illicit cash economy has taken off as Spain languishes in a deep recession, said the head of the National Association of Autonomous Workers (ATA), Lorenzo Amor.
Even before the downturn, Spain's informal labor force had been expanding rapidly thanks in part to immigration from Latin America, Eastern Europe and Africa, much of it illegal.
"In Spain, there are around one and a half million workers who don't pay welfare or taxes across all sectors," said the head of ATA.
Total tax fraud - which Economy Ministry workers union GESTHA estimates at Euro 25 billion ($37 billion) a year - is worrying the Socialist government as it struggles to haul back a fiscal deficit heading for 10% of gross domestic product in 2009.
"This year, the battle against tax fraud will be an important source of revenue, around 30% more than last year. Our inspectors must be even more strict and more determined," Economy Minister Elena Salgado told local radio on Tuesday.
The government does not give estimates of the number of workers in the black economy. But, since 2005, government tax inspectors have managed to claw back over Euro 27 billion from tax dodgers, the Economy Ministry said.
But the relatively robust black economy might be easing social tensions at a time when Spain's unemployment level is more than double the European Union average, Mr. Amor said.
Around one in five workers in Spain are jobless and over a million homes don't have a single household member in official, gainful employment, but the number of demonstrations has fallen to levels not seen since 2004, according to one report.
"Without condoning the practice, it's clear if Spain didn't have an informal economy, there would be unrest," Mr. Amor pointed out.
Close to 90% of the layoffs in the 12 months to June 2009 have been from the temporary work force rather than from those which hold well-protected, permanent contracts, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
"No one's offering permanent contracts right now and any job being offered is so badly paid, you may as well stay on the dole. The other option is claim while doing small jobs for cash," said out-of-work computer programmer Pablo, 35, who asked not to give his surname.
PORTUGAL
The PSI General in Lisbon ended at 2,854.96, a drop of 0.27%.
Portugal's plans for a 7.5 billion- Euro ($11.1 billion) high-speed rail network may falter if Prime Minister Jose Socrates loses the Sept. 27 elections, thwarting a project he says would rekindle the country's economy.
Socrates's main rival in the elections, Opposition Leader Manuela Ferreira Leite, wants to suspend the connection indefinitely. She and critics including Socrates's former finance minister say the line is a luxury when public and private debt is approaching 100% of gross domestic product and the economy is shrinking the most in 34 years.
"This isn't the right time for these projects, because they will absorb resources needed by the rest of the economy, by companies, by families," former Finance Minister Luis Campos e Cunha said in an interview in his office at Lisbon's New University, where he teaches economics. "We're all going to pay for it."
Vinci SA, the world's biggest builder, as well as Actividades de Construccion & Servicios SA, Mota-Engil SGPS SA and Odebrecht SA, the largest in Spain, Portugal and Brazil, are among the companies bidding to build and maintain the track. The trains would link Lisbon to Oporto in northern Portugal and Madrid. Spain is already building the line from its end.
The latest poll, conducted Sept. 13 to 16, gave Socrates's Socialists a lead of 3.3 percentage points over Ferreira Leite's Social Democratic Party; the margin of error was 2.2%. That would cost Socrates the parliamentary majority he's held since 2005. Other parties back only parts of the plan, criticizing financing, or urging more spending on existing trains.
The rail link aims to cut travel time to less than three hours on the Lisbon-Madrid route from the current 9 1/2-hour overnight trip, and to 1 hour and 15 minutes on non-stop trains between Lisbon and Oporto, less than half the time for the fastest connection now between the country's two biggest cities.
Portugal's participation in the project would connect it to the growing European network of high-speed lines. Canceling the project may strain relations with Spain, Portugal's only neighbor, the prime minister argues.
ITALY
Italy's benchmark FTSE MIB Index reversed losses, adding 149.34, or 0.7%, to 23,102.74 in Milan. The gauge has lost 1.6% this week.
Azimut Holding, Italy's largest independent fund manager, dropped for the first time in three days, falling 13.5 cents, or 1.6%, to 8.57 Euros. Financial-services stocks were the worst performers in Europe today, led by Julius Baer Holding AG after the wealth manager gave a strategy update.
Banca Generali, a unit of Italy's largest insurer, lost 21 cents, or 2.4%, to 8.54 Euros, the first decline this week. Banca Akros cut its rating to "accumulate" from "buy," citing the stock's recent rally.
Eni, Italy's largest oil company, rose 17 cents, or 1%, to 17.02 Euros, ending a two-day decline. Oil rose as some traders viewed this week's slump as excessive, providing an opportunity to buy contracts before rising demand triggers a rebound.
Gemina added 1.4 cents, or 2.4%, to 59.6 cents, a fourth straight gain. Investimenti e Infrastrutture SpA, a Benetton family company that's the biggest shareholder in Gemina, will get a 40 million-Euro ($58.7 million) cash injection, Il Sole 24 Ore reported, without saying where it got the information.
The plan will help Investimenti cancel debt and invest in the restructuring of Aeroporti di Roma SpA, the operator of Rome's airports, Sole said. Gemina owns ADR.
Prysmian dropped 15 cents, or 1.2%, to 12.75 Euros, extending losses of 2.3% yesterday. Concerns over the legal proceedings in an antitrust probe of the cable market opened in Australia are still hurting the shares, said Gian Paolo Rivano, a fund manager at Gesti-Re SGR SpA in Milan.
Saipem advanced 78 cents, or 4.1%, to 19.80 Euros, snapping a two-day decline. Goldman Sachs Group Inc. lifted its price estimate on Europe's largest oil-field services contractor by market value to 32 Euros from 24.5 Euros. The brokerage kept a "neutral" rating.
Seat Pagine Gialle lost 2.8%, to 21.93 cents, taking this week's decline to 16%. Centrobanca downgrade Italy's largest publisher of phone directories to "hold" from "buy."
STMicroelectronics Europe's largest semiconductor maker, dropped for a second day, falling 19.9 cents, or 3.1%, to 6.30 Euros. The increase in market volatility prompted investors to take profit, after the stock's recent increase, said Andrea Trucchia, who works in global equity sales at Iccrea Banca in Milan.
Telecom Italia rose 1.5 cents, or 1.2%, to 1.23 Euros, a first increase in four days. Banca Akros upgraded Italy's biggest phone company to "accumulate" from "hold."
UniCredit rose for a second day this week, adding 10.5 cents, or 4.2%, to 2.63 Euros. Credit Suisse Group AG increased its price estimate on Italy's largest bank to 2.9 Euros from 2.7 Euros. The brokerage kept an "outperform" recommendation.
GREECE
The Athex Composite in Athens closed out the trading week at 2,611.56, up 0.09%.
"Greece's economy has deteriorated later and less severely than in some other Western European countries," Credit Suisse notes in a report on European Banks.
2008 real GDP growth was 2.9% and most economists forecast 2009E real GDP decline in the range of 0-1%.
"This, in our view, is likely to result in a later and less severe impact of the economic crisis on the loan quality of Greek banks compared with their peers in other European countries," it says.
The firm notes that corporate loans have faced the least deterioration so far in terms of asset quality, followed by mortgages and unsecured retail lending.
It highlights the fact that corporate loans in Greece are on many occasions secured by personal assets (including residential housing), especially in the SME segment of the market, so the consequences of corporate default are similar (and sometimes higher) than personal default adding that there has so far not been a case of any large Greek company defaulting during the current crisis.
Credit Suisse estimates that the next few quarters are likely to show similar levels of deterioration in asset quality as evidenced so far in 2009, approximately 40-50bps per quarter for the banking system.
"Recent commentary from a number of banks suggests that the pace of deterioration is slowing. Assuming the Greek economy returns to positive real GDP growth in 2010, we expect NPLs to peak at around 7-8% in 2010 and then gradually decline," it says.
Greek retail company said that in FY 08/09 sales reached 467.81m Euro compared to 403.95m Euro last year, posting an increase 15.81% y-o-y.
"Despite the difficult macroeconomic environment Jumbo stores in Greece kept their dynamics while the stores in Cyprus recorded also an increase in terms of sales. The hyper-store in Bulgaria after its first year of operation continues its exceptional performance," the company said in a statement.
During the financial year ended in June 2009 the group launched four new hyper stores in Greece and proceeded with the closure of the store in Cholargos as part of the restructure program, it noted.
Gross margin reached 54.35% from 54.44% last financial year while EBITDA reached 139.63m Euro from 125,62m Euro in FY 2007/2008 (+11.15% y-o-y), while EBITDA was improved due to constrain of expenses especially on the second half of the financial year 2008/2009.
"It is noted that the figure concerning "other income" was lower from the respective period last year as at the nine months of 2007/2008 the company had received insurance compensation amount of Euro 2.13m concerning damages from fire in Kolonos store and had also a gain of Euro 0.45m approximately from the sale of real estate," the announcement read.